About
William Kramer earned a bachelor’s degree in wildlife biology, master’s in environmental policy and public administration, and doctorate in political science with an emphasis in outer space policy and futures studies.
He spent most of his career as a wildlife biologist with the Smithsonian Institution and the US Fish and Wildlife Service, where he spent nearly two decades working on endangered species conservation issues in Hawaii and the Pacific region. He retired as head of the US Endangered Species Recovery Program.
After his first retirement, he assisted the US Navy’s Pacific Fleet for 12 years as a senior environmental scientist, taught bioethics and biology at Hawaii Pacific University, and worked at HDR, Inc. as their extraterrestrial environmental analyst. His experiences include Mission Commander at the Mars Desert Research Station and ground support for the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation Facility.
Since 2013, William continues to lecture and lead workshops on outer space exploration and development issues related to futures studies, bioethics, and environmental ethics at the International Space University in Strasbourg, France, and other locations.